The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is ramping up efforts to tackle the illegal export of its minerals, particularly those allegedly smuggled by the Rwandan-backed M23 rebels.
At a cabinet meeting on Friday, Mines Minister Kizito Pakabomba unveiled new measures aimed at cutting off the rebels’ access to revenue from mineral sales, which Kinshasa claims fuels both their operations and Rwanda’s involvement in the ongoing conflict.
As part of these efforts, the DRC has designated Rubaya in Masisi territory and Nyabibwe in Kalehe territory as “red sites.” Rubaya, a key coltan-producing area, is vital to global electronics manufacturing, contributing 15-30% of the world’s coltan supply.
To combat illicit trade, the DRC government is also pushing for the suspension of International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR) certificates for Rwandan mineral exports, arguing these have been used to legitimize minerals illegally extracted from the DRC. Additionally, the DRC calls for the seizure of minerals exported from Rwanda until an international audit verifies their origin.
By pressuring the ICGLR to enforce stricter mineral tracing standards, Kinshasa aims to prevent Rwanda from passing off illegally mined Congolese minerals as its own.
The DRC is demanding the suspension of certificates of origin until independent verification confirms that Rwandan mineral exports do not include resources from M23-controlled areas. These measures also aim to make it harder for buyers in Europe and Asia to source Rwandan minerals without facing scrutiny.
This crackdown comes amid rising tensions between the DRC and Rwanda, with increased international focus on Kinshasa’s accusations against Kigali. Minister Pakabomba highlighted positive responses, including sanctions on key figures like James Kabarebe, special advisor to Rwandan President Paul Kagame, and important M23 leaders. He also noted the European Union’s decision to reconsider its strategic minerals agreement with Rwanda, adding pressure on Kigali.
The Congolese cabinet has committed to closely monitoring the implementation of these measures, with support from international partners, as the DRC works to regain control over its mineral resources and weaken rebel financing networks.
